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Sparrow Spared, Cactus Extinct, and More Links From the Brink

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Friday, July 26, 2024

Earlier this month I visited some friends at their home on the banks of the Columbia River — a house that could soon be under the Columbia River due to climate change and sea-level rise. That same week we got news about Hurricane Beryl causing destructive floods around the United States, along with devastating floods in Brazil, India, China, and Kenya. Other floods this month caused destruction and fatalities in Liberia, Afghanistan, Indonesia, and several other U.S. states. Is it any wonder that the sound of dripping water plunges me into a panic attack? Welcome to Links From the Brink. Best News of the Month: When I last wrote about the Florida grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum floridanus) in 2018, the critically endangered bird species had experienced a devastating population crash, leaving fewer than 100 individuals in the wild. As one conservationist told me at the time, “This is going to be North America’s next extinct bird if we do nothing.” Well, we did do something. Some of the last birds were brought into captivity before they could die out, and even since then they’ve been breeding like there’s no tomorrow. As a result, they have a tomorrow. This month the Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission and partner organizations released their 1,000th captive-bred grasshopper sparrow into the wild. This seems to indicate that these rare birds have been saved from what just a few years ago seemed like an extinction in the making. There’s a lesson in this amazing milestone: “These little birds represent a big beacon of hope that our commitment, partnership and holistic approach can save vulnerable wildlife from the brink of extinction,” as Fish and Wildlife Foundation of Florida president Andrew Walker told The Guardian. Of course, all the captive breeding in the world can’t save a species if it has nowhere to live. Florida remains one of the most development-hungry places in the United States, and grasshopper sparrows’ habitat still needs protection and restoration. But 1,000 birds in six years is an amazing achievement, and it’s one worthy of celebration and emulation. More Good News That May Have Fallen Through the Cracks: Lynx from the brink: The Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus), once critically endangered, has recovered thanks to decades of intense conservation effort. The IUCN last month reassessed the species as merely “vulnerable to extinction.” In 2005 the lynx population had fallen to an estimated 84 mature cats; the most recent count put them at a healthy (but still risky) 648. The small predators benefitted from efforts to increase previously overhunted rabbit populations, which, once restored, finally gave the lynx plenty to eat and thrive. The IUCN warns, though, that another rabbit crash, a disease, or high mortality from roads could quickly undo this conservation victory. Wolves: When wolves returned to Washington state in 2008, many hunters bemoaned that white-tail deer populations would suffer. Well, guess what — it didn’t happen. New research shows that wolves have had a minimal effect on deer in the Evergreen State — far below that of cougars (which also get a bad rap in WA) and habitat loss (i.e., development — the bane of communities throughout the West as people flock to this part of the country). Meanwhile Washington rejected a push to remove state endangered-species status for wolves and lowered its previously lax cougar-hunting quotas to more sustainable levels. Conservationists praised both decisions. We imagine wolves and mountain lions were pretty happy, too. Europe: After two years of debate, the European Union passed its Nature Restoration Law last month — which, according to news site Euractiv, “will set legally binding targets to restore 20% of the EU’s degraded land and sea ecosystems by 2030 and all ecosystems by 2050.” The bill got watered down a bit (farmers get a bit of a pass), but this seems like a good model for other 30×30 goals. (Speaking of which, six years is still a pretty tight deadline … ) Sued: A new report finds that the number of companies facing climate-related lawsuits keeps rising dramatically — and that most of these corporations are losing in court. Most of the recent lawsuits target so-called “climate-washing” — a willful misrepresentation of their progress toward promised climate goals. (The lessons: Lies cost you $$$.) Fined: More losing: Marathon Oil just got socked with a $64.5 million fine for Clean Air Act violations at the Fort Berhold Indian Reservation in North Dakota, in the heart of the Bakken shale oil fields. The company must also pay another $177 million toward reducing its future emissions. General Motors, meanwhile, must pony up $146 million in fines because its vehicles emitted at least 10% more carbon dioxide than their compliance reports claimed. (Either of these items could actually go in the “bad news” category, since the spewing of greenhouse gasses and other pollutants went on so long before either company got caught and punished, but we’ll leave them in with the other wins for now as a warning to other gasbag corporations.) Fined, part 2: French regulators this month fined conservative broadcaster CNews €20,000 (about $22,000) for allowing a pundit to spread climate skepticism (aka disinformation) without editorial follow-up or rebuttal. I’ll admit, as an advocate of free speech and the free press, I have doubts about this approach to forcing balance from news outlets. For one thing, it seems the right wing could have weaponized this approach to water down good climate reporting if they’d come to power in France in this month’s narrowly won elections. Still, I’m intrigued and wonder if this could help stem the tide of further disinformation or if it will just cause pundits to double down on their lies. (Probably the latter, alas.) Spa day: “Frog saunas” could help an endangered Australian species, the green and golden bell frog (Ranoidea aurea), recover from the deadly chytrid fungus, which has caused dozens of amphibian extinctions over the past few years. (This technique hasn’t proven helpful for other species, unfortunately.) Frogs enjoy their day in the sun. Photo courtesy Macquarie University Vroom vroom: Another new report finds that rural families are saving thousands of dollars a year with electric vehicles. (Yes, these are the same rural families who many people assumed would resist transitioning away from gas-powered cars, trucks, and farm equipment. Shows what the “experts” know.) Renewables: China is building twice as much renewable energy (specifically wind and solar) as every other country combined. (How do you say “This should light a fire under everyone else’s ass” in a carbon-neutral manner?) (Seriously though, I don’t want to blindly praise China for this; its environmental record is terrible. But so is ours, so c’mon folks, catch up.) And finally, a peak: Even fossil-fuel companies predict the world will hit peak oil demand next year. They see the writing on the wall (and the lawsuits in the wings?). Worst News of the Month: Getting back to that theme of flooding, the United States just lost its first species due to sea-level rise: the Key Largo tree cactus (Pilosocereus millspaughii). Despite its geographically based monicker, this rare cactus grows on a handful of scattered islands in the Caribbean. But it’s no longer found in its namesake Key Largo — storm surges inundated the limestone outcrop where it once grew, increasing salt levels beyond what the plants could tolerate. The storms also washed away a lot of soil, which is kind of a basic need for plants. It wasn’t just the salt water that caused problems. These cacti stored fresh water in their bodies, which then became a source of hydration for thirsty animals when the coasts became inundated with undrinkable sea water. The cactus declined quickly amidst this one-two-three punch. In 2021 the Key Largo population — previously described as “thriving” — had deteriorated to just six stands. This month scientists announced that even those last individuals had disappeared. But the species still exists on other islands, and scientists harvested the last Key Largo plants’ flowers and fruits in 2021 to cultivate them in a greenhouse setting. So far they’re doing fine, but the chance of replanting them in their native habitat appears slim. This isn’t a full-on species extinction, but it is a local extinction caused by sea-level rise, the first of its kind identified to date in the United States. And it could be a portent of things to come, as botanist Jennifer Possley said in a press release: “Unfortunately, the Key Largo tree cactus may be a bellwether for how other low-lying coastal plants will respond to climate change.” That said, I’m going to nudge this back into the “kinda-good” category, because at least scientists recognized the problem in time, saved what they could, and took the opportunity to warn us about future threats. That’s the type of proactive conservation that we should all aspire to and celebrate, even if it’s a part of the ongoing extinction crisis. Bad News Quick Hits: (Sorry. Let’s not dwell, but let’s not look away, either.) Chevron The Supreme Court in general Fiberglass in oysters and mussels 10.3 billion people by 2084? Protestors jailed Bitcoin = crashed power grids? The last ‘akikiki? (This breaks my heart.) Coal consumption could go up next year? Quote of the Month: “Inside your trash can is the possibility to change the world if you apply some creativity and some love. All trash is treasure.” — Troll artist Thomas Dambo, in The Washington Post   View this post on Instagram   A post shared by Thomas Dambo (@thomasdambo) That’s it for this edition of Links From the Brink. We’ll be back in a month or two with another roundup of under-the-radar news stories. Until then, keep an eye on the 2024 election, watch out for heat waves and wildfire smoke (not to mention floods), and check in on your neighbors in need (both human and wild). Meanwhile, mark your calendars for International Owl Awareness Day on Aug. 4, World Krill Day on Aug. 11, Panamanian Golden Frog Day on Aug. 14, and (my favorite) International Orangutan Day on Aug. 19. What will you be watching in the months ahead? Scroll down to find our “Republish” button The post Sparrow Spared, Cactus Extinct, and More Links From the Brink appeared first on The Revelator.

This month’s best and worst environmental stories also include a rebounding lynx, a climate lawsuit boom, and a spa for frogs. The post Sparrow Spared, Cactus Extinct, and More Links From the Brink appeared first on The Revelator.

Earlier this month I visited some friends at their home on the banks of the Columbia River — a house that could soon be under the Columbia River due to climate change and sea-level rise.

That same week we got news about Hurricane Beryl causing destructive floods around the United States, along with devastating floods in Brazil, India, China, and Kenya. Other floods this month caused destruction and fatalities in Liberia, Afghanistan, Indonesia, and several other U.S. states.

Is it any wonder that the sound of dripping water plunges me into a panic attack?

Welcome to Links From the Brink.

Best News of the Month:

When I last wrote about the Florida grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum floridanus) in 2018, the critically endangered bird species had experienced a devastating population crash, leaving fewer than 100 individuals in the wild. As one conservationist told me at the time, “This is going to be North America’s next extinct bird if we do nothing.”

Well, we did do something. Some of the last birds were brought into captivity before they could die out, and even since then they’ve been breeding like there’s no tomorrow. As a result, they have a tomorrow. This month the Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission and partner organizations released their 1,000th captive-bred grasshopper sparrow into the wild. This seems to indicate that these rare birds have been saved from what just a few years ago seemed like an extinction in the making.

There’s a lesson in this amazing milestone: “These little birds represent a big beacon of hope that our commitment, partnership and holistic approach can save vulnerable wildlife from the brink of extinction,” as Fish and Wildlife Foundation of Florida president Andrew Walker told The Guardian.

Of course, all the captive breeding in the world can’t save a species if it has nowhere to live. Florida remains one of the most development-hungry places in the United States, and grasshopper sparrows’ habitat still needs protection and restoration. But 1,000 birds in six years is an amazing achievement, and it’s one worthy of celebration and emulation.

More Good News That May Have Fallen Through the Cracks:

Lynx from the brink: The Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus), once critically endangered, has recovered thanks to decades of intense conservation effort. The IUCN last month reassessed the species as merely “vulnerable to extinction.” In 2005 the lynx population had fallen to an estimated 84 mature cats; the most recent count put them at a healthy (but still risky) 648.

Iberian lynx

The small predators benefitted from efforts to increase previously overhunted rabbit populations, which, once restored, finally gave the lynx plenty to eat and thrive. The IUCN warns, though, that another rabbit crash, a disease, or high mortality from roads could quickly undo this conservation victory.

Wolves: When wolves returned to Washington state in 2008, many hunters bemoaned that white-tail deer populations would suffer. Well, guess what — it didn’t happen. New research shows that wolves have had a minimal effect on deer in the Evergreen State — far below that of cougars (which also get a bad rap in WA) and habitat loss (i.e., development — the bane of communities throughout the West as people flock to this part of the country).

Meanwhile Washington rejected a push to remove state endangered-species status for wolves and lowered its previously lax cougar-hunting quotas to more sustainable levels. Conservationists praised both decisions. We imagine wolves and mountain lions were pretty happy, too.

Europe: After two years of debate, the European Union passed its Nature Restoration Law last month — which, according to news site Euractiv, “will set legally binding targets to restore 20% of the EU’s degraded land and sea ecosystems by 2030 and all ecosystems by 2050.” The bill got watered down a bit (farmers get a bit of a pass), but this seems like a good model for other 30×30 goals. (Speaking of which, six years is still a pretty tight deadline … )

Sued: A new report finds that the number of companies facing climate-related lawsuits keeps rising dramatically — and that most of these corporations are losing in court. Most of the recent lawsuits target so-called “climate-washing” — a willful misrepresentation of their progress toward promised climate goals. (The lessons: Lies cost you $$$.)

Fined: More losing: Marathon Oil just got socked with a $64.5 million fine for Clean Air Act violations at the Fort Berhold Indian Reservation in North Dakota, in the heart of the Bakken shale oil fields. The company must also pay another $177 million toward reducing its future emissions. General Motors, meanwhile, must pony up $146 million in fines because its vehicles emitted at least 10% more carbon dioxide than their compliance reports claimed. (Either of these items could actually go in the “bad news” category, since the spewing of greenhouse gasses and other pollutants went on so long before either company got caught and punished, but we’ll leave them in with the other wins for now as a warning to other gasbag corporations.)

Fined, part 2: French regulators this month fined conservative broadcaster CNews €20,000 (about $22,000) for allowing a pundit to spread climate skepticism (aka disinformation) without editorial follow-up or rebuttal.

I’ll admit, as an advocate of free speech and the free press, I have doubts about this approach to forcing balance from news outlets. For one thing, it seems the right wing could have weaponized this approach to water down good climate reporting if they’d come to power in France in this month’s narrowly won elections. Still, I’m intrigued and wonder if this could help stem the tide of further disinformation or if it will just cause pundits to double down on their lies. (Probably the latter, alas.)

Spa day:Frog saunas” could help an endangered Australian species, the green and golden bell frog (Ranoidea aurea), recover from the deadly chytrid fungus, which has caused dozens of amphibian extinctions over the past few years. (This technique hasn’t proven helpful for other species, unfortunately.)

Frogs poke out of the holes in a wall of bricks
Frogs enjoy their day in the sun. Photo courtesy Macquarie University

Vroom vroom: Another new report finds that rural families are saving thousands of dollars a year with electric vehicles. (Yes, these are the same rural families who many people assumed would resist transitioning away from gas-powered cars, trucks, and farm equipment. Shows what the “experts” know.)

Renewables: China is building twice as much renewable energy (specifically wind and solar) as every other country combined. (How do you say “This should light a fire under everyone else’s ass” in a carbon-neutral manner?)

(Seriously though, I don’t want to blindly praise China for this; its environmental record is terrible. But so is ours, so c’mon folks, catch up.)

And finally, a peak: Even fossil-fuel companies predict the world will hit peak oil demand next year. They see the writing on the wall (and the lawsuits in the wings?).

Worst News of the Month:

Getting back to that theme of flooding, the United States just lost its first species due to sea-level rise: the Key Largo tree cactus (Pilosocereus millspaughii).

Despite its geographically based monicker, this rare cactus grows on a handful of scattered islands in the Caribbean. But it’s no longer found in its namesake Key Largo — storm surges inundated the limestone outcrop where it once grew, increasing salt levels beyond what the plants could tolerate. The storms also washed away a lot of soil, which is kind of a basic need for plants.

It wasn’t just the salt water that caused problems. These cacti stored fresh water in their bodies, which then became a source of hydration for thirsty animals when the coasts became inundated with undrinkable sea water.

The cactus declined quickly amidst this one-two-three punch. In 2021 the Key Largo population — previously described as “thriving” — had deteriorated to just six stands. This month scientists announced that even those last individuals had disappeared.

But the species still exists on other islands, and scientists harvested the last Key Largo plants’ flowers and fruits in 2021 to cultivate them in a greenhouse setting. So far they’re doing fine, but the chance of replanting them in their native habitat appears slim.

This isn’t a full-on species extinction, but it is a local extinction caused by sea-level rise, the first of its kind identified to date in the United States. And it could be a portent of things to come, as botanist Jennifer Possley said in a press release: “Unfortunately, the Key Largo tree cactus may be a bellwether for how other low-lying coastal plants will respond to climate change.”

That said, I’m going to nudge this back into the “kinda-good” category, because at least scientists recognized the problem in time, saved what they could, and took the opportunity to warn us about future threats. That’s the type of proactive conservation that we should all aspire to and celebrate, even if it’s a part of the ongoing extinction crisis.

Bad News Quick Hits:

(Sorry. Let’s not dwell, but let’s not look away, either.)

Quote of the Month:

“Inside your trash can is the possibility to change the world if you apply some creativity and some love. All trash is treasure.” — Troll artist Thomas Dambo, in The Washington Post

 

View this post on Instagram

 

A post shared by Thomas Dambo (@thomasdambo)


That’s it for this edition of Links From the Brink. We’ll be back in a month or two with another roundup of under-the-radar news stories. Until then, keep an eye on the 2024 election, watch out for heat waves and wildfire smoke (not to mention floods), and check in on your neighbors in need (both human and wild).

Meanwhile, mark your calendars for International Owl Awareness Day on Aug. 4, World Krill Day on Aug. 11, Panamanian Golden Frog Day on Aug. 14, and (my favorite) International Orangutan Day on Aug. 19.

What will you be watching in the months ahead?

Scroll down to find our “Republish” button

The post Sparrow Spared, Cactus Extinct, and More Links From the Brink appeared first on The Revelator.

Read the full story here.
Photos courtesy of

Albanese to rush through new laws to protect Tasmania’s salmon industry from legal challenge

Labor will push the contentious bill through parliament next week despite concerns about the extinction of the Maugean skateFollow our Australia news live blog for latest updatesGet our breaking news email, free app or daily news podcastAnthony Albanese plans to rush through contentious legislation next week to protect Tasmania’s salmon industry from a legal challenge over the industry’s impact on an endangered fish species.The future of the salmon industry on the state’s west coast has become a sharp political issue centred on whether it can coexist with the Maugean skate, a ray-like species found only in Macquarie Harbour’s brackish estuarine waters.Sign up for Guardian Australia’s breaking news email Continue reading...

Anthony Albanese plans to rush through contentious legislation next week to protect Tasmania’s salmon industry from a legal challenge over the industry’s impact on an endangered fish species.The future of the salmon industry on the state’s west coast has become a sharp political issue centred on whether it can coexist with the Maugean skate, a ray-like species found only in Macquarie Harbour’s brackish estuarine waters.After lobbying by industry leaders and Tasmanian MPs, Albanese wrote to the state’s three salmon companies last month promising the government would change the law to ensure there were “appropriate environmental laws” to “continue sustainable salmon farming” in the harbour.He had expected that would be a commitment for the next term of parliament. But with the election campaign delayed by Tropical Cyclone Alfred, the prime minister plans to introduce a bill on Tuesday that could abruptly end a long-running legal review by the environment minister, Tanya Plibersek, into whether an expansion of the industry in the harbour in 2012 was properly approved.The bill – an amendment to the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act – has been listed to be introduced in the lower house next Tuesday, 25 March, when parliament will largely be focused on the treasurer, Jim Chalmers, delivering the federal budget. It is expected in the Senate the following day.With the Greens and several crossbench senators opposed, it will need the support of the Coalition to pass. Peter Dutton has previously told the industry he would guarantee its future and legislate if elected prime minister.It is understood the legislation will be broader than the salmon industry and will be intended to limit conservation groups’ powers to challenge past decisions that have allowed developments to go ahead.A spokesperson for Albanese said the government would legislate next week “to amend the flawed EPBC Act to secure jobs and local industries… We call on the Coalition to give this legislation bipartisan support to give communities certainty”, the spokesperson said.The proposal has been criticised by environment organisations. Eight conservation councils led by Environment Tasmania wrote to Albanese last month saying they had “grave concern” about his pledge. They said it would undermine Plibersek’s reconsideration of whether a salmon industry expansion 13 years ago should have been allowed without a full federal environmental assessment. The reconsideration process was triggered in 2023 by a legal request by three conservation groups.An environment department document from November 2023, released recently under freedom of information laws, showed officials considered it was “likely” the reconsideration process would lead to the expansion being declared a “controlled action”, a step that would require a full environmental impact assessment. The officials suggested salmon farming in the harbour, a third of which lies in Tasmania’s world heritage wilderness area, would need to stop while that assessment took place.The Australia Institute’s Eloise Carr said the government appeared to be stopping that legal process by “smashing through” legislation while parliamentarians were focused on the budget. “This is not how law reform should happen,” she said. “The situation in Macquarie Harbour … is a perfect example of why Australia needs stronger environment laws, not to water down already inadequate protections.”The Greens’ Sarah Hanson-Young said she was “staggered” the government had adopted and planned to “ram through” through Liberal Party policy and legislation. “This shows Labor cannot be trusted to do the right thing when it comes to the environment,” she said. “Gutting environmental laws, stopping community from being able to raise concerns about what’s going on in their local environment, and ignoring the scientific advice is absolutely shameful.”A government scientific committee last year found that fish farming in the harbour had substantially reduced dissolved oxygen levels and should be scaled back or removed to save the Maugean skate – a species that marine scientists have called the “thylacine of the sea” – from extinction.In his letter to salmon bosses last month, Albanese referred to a new report by the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies that said recent surveys suggested skate numbers, which crashed last decade, were likely to have recovered to 2014 levels. The report stressed the need for continued monitoring.The salmon industry has been under pressure across the state in recent weeks as more than a million fish have died during an bacterium outbreak in the south-east and been dumped at landfill and rendering plants. Fatty chunks of fish have washed up on beaches in the Huon Valley and on Bruny Island, prompting public protests.Both major parties believe the salmon industry may be a crucial election issue in the seat of Braddon, in Tasmania’s north-west, which the Liberal party holds with an 8% margin.Bob Brown, a former Greens leader, said Albanese would be legislating a “death warrant” on the Maugean skate. “Albanese cannot expect thoughtful Tasmanians to vote or preference Labor if he condemns our natural wildlife on the altar of the foreign corporations who run the rotten Atlantic salmon industry,” he said.The chief executive of industry group Salmon Tasmania, Luke Martin, said he had not yet been briefed on the legislation but hoped the issue would be resolved next week.

Digital Movement Saves Colombian Rare Fruits From Extinction

In front of thousands of internet followers, the so-called “lord of native fruits” describes flavors, textures, and possible uses of rare specimens. Gian Paolo Daguer leads a volunteer network to save these delicacies from extinction in Colombia, one of the world’s most biodiverse countries. From his home in Bogotá, the environmental engineer records with a […] The post Digital Movement Saves Colombian Rare Fruits From Extinction appeared first on The Tico Times | Costa Rica News | Travel | Real Estate.

In front of thousands of internet followers, the so-called “lord of native fruits” describes flavors, textures, and possible uses of rare specimens. Gian Paolo Daguer leads a volunteer network to save these delicacies from extinction in Colombia, one of the world’s most biodiverse countries. From his home in Bogotá, the environmental engineer records with a cell phone camera a review of a lucuma, a little-known tropical fruit whose external appearance is similar to a coconut. Inside, it resembles a yellowish avocado and has a slightly sweet taste. Daguer, 47, has become a reference for a growing circle of lovers of fruits native to Colombia but uncommon in the diet of its inhabitants. Some of them are in danger of extinction due to ignorance about their properties and other factors such as deforestation. On his social networks, the “Fruits of Colombia” project has more than 108,000 followers. Without profit motives, Daguer also leads a network of WhatsApp chats where biologists, farmers, and chefs, among others, share their knowledge and arrange seed exchanges. It is a “holistic vision where all these different kinds of knowledge converge with an intention to conserve and recover biodiversity and fruits (…) that grow in Colombia,” he says. According to Carolina Castellanos, a biologist at the Humboldt Institute, “Colombia is one of the richest countries in the number of plant species.” The most recent study by that entity linked to the Ministry of Environment and other organizations determined that there are at least 3,000 “food” species in Colombia, from which humans consume stems, leaves, fruits, or seeds. But at least 10% of them are at risk of disappearing. Citizen Science In the framework of COP16 on biodiversity that began in 2024 in the Colombian city of Cali and ended this February in Rome, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) warned that 38% of the world’s trees are threatened with extinction. In 2024, the country lost a forest area similar to the surface of Hong Kong (107,000 hectares), mainly due to land grabbing for livestock, coca leaf cultivation, and monocultures such as oil palm. In small home gardens, plants grow from some of the seeds that Daguer obtains and then distributes. Interested parties request them through social media, he makes arrangements to find them at any geographic point and sends them in envelopes via courier. The intention is to “conserve,” “recover,” “inform and disseminate,” he assures. The taste was born when he was a child and enjoyed eating fruits during family trips to rural areas. Daguer has an extensive collection of botany books stacked alongside rare specimens of piñuelas, cocorillas, lontar, and pandanus: all fruits with atypical shapes, textures, and flavors. Although spontaneous, his work reached scientific spheres and was decisive in cataloging a new species: the Quinguejo, a dark berry similar to a blueberry that grows in Nuquí, a paradisiacal town in the department of Chocó (northwest). Until 2024, the small fruit was not “botanically classified.” Daguer saw it for the first time on social media, found a knowledgeable farmer, and then participated in the National University study that named it in honor of the hamlet where it was found. It is a process of “citizen science” in which “knowledge converges,” he adds. Eating to Conserve For biologist Castellanos, these fruits have taken a “back seat” due to imported food or diets outside Colombian ecosystems. In gastronomy, for example, “we all eat the same thing anywhere in the world,” so the diet has become homogenized, she says. The six-decade armed conflict also isolated traditional recipes from places bled by war. Chef Antonuela Ariza, Daguer’s accomplice, included fruits usually unknown to the palate of Bogotá residents in her restaurant Mini-Mal’s menu. Enthusiastic about the value of Colombia’s natural wealth, in her kitchen she prepares a sauce with sour guava to accompany breaded fish, mayonnaise with camu-camu (similar to grape), Amazonian black chili for shrimp, and a cocktail with copoazú, a whitish fruit related to cocoa, among others. The idea is to “promote biodiversity, to be able to tell a diner who comes here about a fruit, give them a taste of a new flavor but also to be able to tell them everything that happens around that fruit, the forest where it comes from, the people who take care of it,” she says. Because “what we don’t eat is lost,” she concludes. The post Digital Movement Saves Colombian Rare Fruits From Extinction appeared first on The Tico Times | Costa Rica News | Travel | Real Estate.

Albanese sparks anger with pledge over controversial salmon farming in Macquarie Harbour

Prime minister tells Salmon Tasmania of promise to change legislation and allow ‘sustainable’ farming to continueGet our breaking news email, free app or daily news podcastAnthony Albanese has promised to introduce legislation that will allow “sustainable salmon farming” to continue in Tasmania’s Macquarie Harbour, sparking anger from conversationists and researchers who urged for the local industry to be scaled back.The promise, made in a letter to industry group Salmon Tasmania, came after years of lobbying for action in Macquarie Harbour to save the threatened Maugean skate from extinction.Sign up for Guardian Australia’s breaking news email Continue reading...

Anthony Albanese has promised to introduce legislation that will allow “sustainable salmon farming” to continue in Tasmania’s Macquarie Harbour, sparking anger from conversationists and researchers who urged for the local industry to be scaled back.The promise, made in a letter to industry group Salmon Tasmania, came after years of lobbying for action in Macquarie Harbour to save the threatened Maugean skate from extinction.The environment minister, Tanya Plibersek, had also been reconsidering the future of salmon farm licences in Macquarie Harbour after environment groups made a legal case that an industry expansion in 2012 had not been properly approved.In the letter, the prime minister referenced a new report from the University of Tasmania’s Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (Imas) which shows the Maugean skate population is “consistent with the long term average as at 2014”.Albanese said the report noted positive signs with oxygenation efforts – with reduced levels of dissolved oxygen across the harbour posing the main threats to the species.“But even with this new and positive data, it is clear to me the Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act – introduced 25 years ago – does not allow for a commonsense solution on an acceptable timeline,” the prime minister said in the letter, seen by Guardian Australia.“I can confirm that the Australian government will introduce legislation to ensure appropriate environmental laws are in place to continue sustainable salmon farming in Macquarie Harbour.”The Imas report notes that Maugean skate numbers seem to be improving, but also highlights a “critical need for continued monitoring” of the ancient ray-like species.“A recent environmental DNA study … has demonstrated that the vast majority, if not all, of the current population of Maugean skate live only in Macquarie Harbour,” the report reads.Maugean skates have been hatched in a captive breeding program in Tasmania. Photograph: University of TasmaniaThe prime minister’s promise has been welcomed by the industry and the Tasmanian Liberal and Labor parties, who both back the $1.3bn industry.But the Australian Marine Conservation Society (AMCS) said that – in response to the Imas report – that a slight improvement in the Maugean skate population would not save it from extinction. It said it was especially true if there was another extreme weather event in Macquarie Harbour in the next 10 years.AMCS shark expert Dr Leonardo Guida said the new report shows a “strong correlation between increased salmon farming intensity and a drop in estimated Maugean skate numbers”.“The fate of the skate literally rises and falls alongside salmon production,” he said.“The skates caught in 2024 were mostly old adults that will not be around much longer given they live to around 10-12 years, and there hasn’t been enough time to show that the uptick is solely from juveniles surviving to breeding age.“The scientists acknowledge huge uncertainty in the data from animals caught in 2023 and 2024 that shows something has happened that’s making the skates easier to catch. Without knowing exactly what happened, we’re unfortunately no longer comparing apples with apples from previous years.”Tasmanian Greens senator Nick McKim said Australia’s environmental laws were already too weak and to “water them down even further to underpin corporate profits is an outrage and a betrayal”.The director of The Australia Institute in Tasmania, Eloise Carr, said special legislation to protect farming operations in the harbour is “likely to condemn the Maugean skate to extinction should not be rushed through”.The Tasmanian premier, Jeremy Rockliff, welcomed the announcement and said he “won’t rest until salmon jobs are protected by law”.“While today is an important step, this could have been achieved long ago, and we will continue to do all we can to support our workers across all industries,” he said.The state’s Labor leader, Dean Winter, said Albanese’s letter demonstrates “an irrefutable case that salmon farming and the Maugean skate can coexist”.Macquarie Harbour produces only about 13% of Tasmanian salmon, but industry supporters argue it is an important hub and employer on the state’s remote west coast.Prof Jayson Semmens, a co-author of the Imas report, said researchers were “cautiously optimistic” about the Maugean skate population but that “there is still a long way to go”.“Only continued monitoring of the Maugean skate population in Macquarie Harbour will allow us to know the long-term trajectory of recovery of this endangered species,” he said.A conservation report by the government’s threatened species scientific committee last year said the skate should be considered critically endangered, estimating there were between 40 and 120 adult skates remaining in the wild.The move comes after Albanese last year vetoed a deal Plibersek had struck to support her nature positive legislation.

Once Feared Extinct, 1,329 Pea-Sized Snails Have Been Released on an Atlantic Island After Captive Breeding Effort

Goats, rodents and habitat loss threatened the snails on Deserta Grande Island, so the mollusks were reintroduced on a neighboring island that’s free of invasive species

More than 1,300 tiny snails were released into the wild after a captive breeding effort. One baby snail is shown here on a British five pence coin. Chester Zoo / Cover Images via AP Just a few years ago, the outlook for island snails on the Portuguese Madeira archipelago appeared grim, at best. These animals were buckling under extinction pressures, and several species hadn’t been observed for more than a century. Biologists thought those snails had all but disappeared, with only empty shells and fossils left as evidence that they ever slid across the Earth. Now, the fates of those snails have taken a positive turn: In the last decade or so, scientists found live members of species long thought to be extinct on the islands, kicking off a flurry of rescue initiatives for these floundering mollusks. In the latest page of their story, a massive rewilding effort has released more than 1,300 captive-bred snails onto wild ground. It marks a new chapter of survival—and a second lease at life—for the rare, endangered snails. Scientists have a term for animals found alive after their kind was thought to have gone extinct: Lazarus species, named after the biblical figure from the New Testament who was resurrected. The discovery of some Madeira snails to be alive and breathing, in a way, felt similarly miraculous to conservationists. The Desertas Islands lie off the coast of Morocco and make up part of Madeira, like a row of jagged teeth sprouting up from the Atlantic Ocean. With steep cliffs and scant tree cover, the mountainous and windswept terrain might seem hostile to the tiny, shell-toting inhabitants there, but nature’s challenges are nothing compared to the threats that humans have introduced. Invasive species such as goats have annihilated local vegetation. Mice and rats have also feasted on the snails, tanking their population. Despite these hurdles, the snails somehow managed to cling to survival. Researchers at the Institute for Nature Conservation and Forests (IFCN) in Madeira led expeditions between 2012 and 2017 and discovered a trove of 200 snails representing two endangered species on Deserta Grande, the largest of the Desertas Islands. Worried the snails were the last of their kind, the researchers brought the shell-toting creatures into captivity in several zoos across the United Kingdom and France. One of the sanctuaries was Chester Zoo in England. From a pool of 60 of the snails, the staff embarked on a mighty journey to parse their biological secrets, including how to multiply their numbers. “It was a huge responsibility to begin caring for them,” says Gerardo Garcia, Chester Zoo’s head of ectotherms, per the Guardian’s Mattha Busby. “As a zoo conservation community, we knew nothing about them. They’d never been in human care before, and we had to start from a blank piece of paper and try to figure out what makes them tick.” The zookeepers spent “countless” hours caring for each individual, he adds, and now, all that effort has paid off. A total of 1,329 of the snails’ offspring were released onto Bugio, another of the Desertas Islands. Unlike Deserta Grande, Bugio is free of goats and rodents, thanks to eradication interventions. Before the snails’ release, the researchers dotted their shells with an ultraviolet marker for easier tracking later on. “For 100 years we thought they’d gone forever, but now there’s new hope,” says IFCN conservationist Dinarte Teixeira, who was involved in the first discovery of the snails, per the Agence France-Presse. “We’re striving to do everything we can to give them the best possible chance for the future.” These dull-colored snails, no bigger than a pea, might not be much to look at, but they constitute important members of a healthy ecosystem. They’re a key food source for the native fauna, and they feed on dead plants, thus helping with nutrient cycling and soil fertility for other plants to grow robustly. As some students once described, snails “poop out fertilizer packets,” reported Joshua Rapp Learn for the Wildlife Society in 2021. “All of that is dependent on the little guys—the insects and the snails that so often get overlooked,” Heather Prince, an invertebrate specialist at Chester Zoo, tells Victoria Gill of BBC News. Snails are particularly vulnerable to environmental threats. Their slow-moving lifestyle means they are limited to narrow geographic areas, leaving them susceptible to the dangers of habitat loss. Island snails also evolved when their homes were free of predators, so they typically have few defenses against new invaders. But, given their relative insulation from the outside world, islands have become biodiversity hotspots for snails. Half of all documented land snail species live on islands, and among these roughly 11,000 species, another half dwell on only seven islands. The Madeira archipelago harbors more than 320 land snail species, with most of them found nowhere else in the world. But worldwide, land snails constitute some 40 percent of all animal extinctions since 1500. The Madeiran snails may yet escape this dire fate. Four additional snail reintroduction projects in the Desertas Islands are slated for this year and 2026. In the meantime, the researchers will monitor the snails’ survival rate to gauge the success of the current rewilding effort. “If it goes as well as we hope, more snails will follow them next spring,” says Garcia, per BBC News. “It’s a huge team effort, which shows that it is possible to turn things around for highly threatened species.” Get the latest stories in your inbox every weekday.

Costa Rica Sharks Face Extinction as Scientists Race Against Time

Costa Rica is home to 93 species of sharks and rays, representing 8% of the global diversity of these marine animals. However, over half of these species (56%) are endangered. Locally, they face challenges such as high fishing pressure, lack of information, illegal fishing, and limited resources for monitoring and control. On Tuesday, December 3, […] The post Costa Rica Sharks Face Extinction as Scientists Race Against Time appeared first on The Tico Times | Costa Rica News | Travel | Real Estate.

Costa Rica is home to 93 species of sharks and rays, representing 8% of the global diversity of these marine animals. However, over half of these species (56%) are endangered. Locally, they face challenges such as high fishing pressure, lack of information, illegal fishing, and limited resources for monitoring and control. On Tuesday, December 3, 2024, LCI Veritas University, in collaboration with its BIOMOL Laboratory, hosted a scientific event to address shark conservation in Costa Rica. The event brought together leading experts, students, and the public, highlighting the urgent need to protect endangered shark species and safeguard marine biodiversity. Mario Espinoza, a biologist and researcher at the Center for Marine Sciences and Limnology Research of the University of Costa Rica (CIMAR UCR), presented an updated overview of the threats facing sharks in the region. He underscored the importance of sharks in maintaining healthy marine ecosystems and the critical need for regional cooperation to conserve migratory species that transcend borders. “It is essential to improve the conservation status of migratory species that transcend borders,” Espinoza emphasized, urging a shift from identifying problems to finding comprehensive solutions. He also stressed the importance of education, research, environmental awareness campaigns, and engaging decision-makers to influence policies effectively. Mariana Elizondo Sancho, a researcher at BIOMOL Laboratory, presented her study: “Population Structure and Genetic Connectivity of Hammerhead Sharks (Sphyrna lewini) in Breeding Areas of the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP).” Her findings reveal that hammerhead sharks have low genetic diversity, with pups in nursery areas more closely related than expected. This suggests that females may return to specific areas to reproduce, making the species more vulnerable to fishing activities. Similarly, marine biologist Allison Centeno, a master’s student at Florida Atlantic University, analyzed shark landing data from longline fishing in the Pacific between 2015 and 2021. She discovered that silky sharks were the most commonly caught species, and over 50% of the landings involved bycatch—species not targeted by fisheries. These findings highlight the need for collaboration among government agencies, fishing communities, and conservation organizations to ensure sustainable fishing practices. Juan Carlos Delgado, director of BIOMOL Laboratory, concluded the event with his research on “Identification of Species Composition from Shark Products in Costa Rica.” He demonstrated how molecular tools, such as DNA analysis, are revolutionizing marine research. “In our project to identify species from shark products marketed in Costa Rica, we have been able to use DNA to determine the species we consume when buying products labeled as bolillo, dogfish, or simply shark,” Delgado Carazo explained. The study revealed that 2.5% of fillets and chops sampled across the country were from hammerhead sharks, a species with special protection under a recent decree prohibiting its capture and commercialization. “Any incidental capture must be released and cannot be sold,” Delgado Carazo reminded attendees. The post Costa Rica Sharks Face Extinction as Scientists Race Against Time appeared first on The Tico Times | Costa Rica News | Travel | Real Estate.

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