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Fire management in Victoria amounts to de facto native logging industry, conservationists say

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Thursday, May 16, 2024

The Victorian government has been accused by conservationists and a leading ecologist of allowing a de facto native logging industry to emerge under the guise of fire management just months after closing down the industry.Environmental lawyers said the state government agency, Forest Fire Management Victoria (FFMV), was acting “with impunity”, and conservationists and the Victorian Greens called on state and federal ministers to step in.Logging in Victoria’s native forests ended at the beginning of this year, but Prof David Lindenmayer, a forest ecologist at Australian National University, said: “There’s a de facto logging industry now emerging under the guise of fire suppression.“To me, when you cut down big trees and put them on a truck and take them to a sawmill … that is logging.”On Thursday conservationists and the Victorian National Parks Association (VNPA) expressed shock after discovering a dead greater glider in an area where trees had been felled by FFMV.Blake Nisbet, of campaign group Wildlife of the Central Highlands, said: “This is endangered wildlife culling. We specifically told the government that greater gliders were nesting in this tree. Instead of stepping in, they chose to knowingly kill endangered wildlife. This is disgraceful, and has to stop.”Greater gliders were given national endangered species status in 2022, only six years after first appearing on the threatened species list as vulnerable.VNPA said it had told FFMV, the state environment minister Steve Dimopoulos and his federal counterpart, Tanya Plibersek, that scores of old hollow-bearing trees were being destroyed along 250km of fire breaks in the Yarra Ranges national park.‘This is disgraceful, and has to stop’: Members of campaign group Wildlife of the Central Highlands. Photograph: Wildlife of the Central HighlandsThis was critical habitat, the association said, for threatened species including the gliders, Leadbeater’s possums, gang-gang cockatoos and swift parrots.Lindenmayer said he had similar concerns with the removal of old trees – which are vital for many species – in the Wombat state forest.FFMV and the state’s conservation watchdog – the Office of the Conservation Regulator – are housed in the state government’s department of energy, environment and climate action.Lindenmayer said he was currently working on advice commissioned by the department on how to save greater gliders, which would include retaining old trees.“One part of the same government department is trying to work out how to stop the greater glider going extinct while another is pushing it to extinction,” he said.“The broad-scale impact on animals is colossal and makes a mockery of the government’s biodiversity strategy and a mockery of their process of supposed environmental regulation. There are some deep systemic problems here.”skip past newsletter promotionSign up to Afternoon UpdateOur Australian afternoon update breaks down the key stories of the day, telling you what’s happening and why it mattersPrivacy Notice: Newsletters may contain info about charities, online ads, and content funded by outside parties. For more information see our Privacy Policy. We use Google reCaptcha to protect our website and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.after newsletter promotionHe added that there was growing evidence thinning and logging in native forests could make them more flammable, not less.Matt Ruchel, executive director of VNPA, said the Office of the Conservation Regulator should be moved to another department, which would allow it to regulate the forest fire management work – a suggestion echoed by the leader of the Victorian Greens, Ellen Sandell.Sandell said any logging and storm “clean-up” works should be immediately halted and the OCR should be “empowered” to investigate.Environmental lawyers acting for conservationists have written to the state and federal environment ministers asking them to step in.Danya Jacobs, special counsel at Environmental Justice Australia, said destroying hollow-bearing trees and killing greater gliders was “clearly illegal” under state and federal laws.“Forest Fire Management are acting with impunity and must be reigned in by the regulators,” she said.Questions to the federal environment minister, Tanya Plibersek, were referred to her department, which said in a statement: “The department is making enquiries to determine whether national environment law is being complied with.”Guardian Australia sent questions to the Victorian environment minister and the state department of energy, environment and climate action.

Campaigners accuse Forest Fire Management Victoria of ‘knowingly’ killing endangered wildlife after greater glider found deadGet our morning and afternoon news emails, free app or daily news podcastThe Victorian government has been accused by conservationists and a leading ecologist of allowing a de facto native logging industry to emerge under the guise of fire management just months after closing down the industry.Environmental lawyers said the state government agency, Forest Fire Management Victoria (FFMV), was acting “with impunity”, and conservationists and the Victorian Greens called on state and federal ministers to step in.Sign up for Guardian Australia’s free morning and afternoon email newsletters for your daily news roundup Continue reading...

The Victorian government has been accused by conservationists and a leading ecologist of allowing a de facto native logging industry to emerge under the guise of fire management just months after closing down the industry.

Environmental lawyers said the state government agency, Forest Fire Management Victoria (FFMV), was acting “with impunity”, and conservationists and the Victorian Greens called on state and federal ministers to step in.

Logging in Victoria’s native forests ended at the beginning of this year, but Prof David Lindenmayer, a forest ecologist at Australian National University, said: “There’s a de facto logging industry now emerging under the guise of fire suppression.

“To me, when you cut down big trees and put them on a truck and take them to a sawmill … that is logging.”

On Thursday conservationists and the Victorian National Parks Association (VNPA) expressed shock after discovering a dead greater glider in an area where trees had been felled by FFMV.

Blake Nisbet, of campaign group Wildlife of the Central Highlands, said: “This is endangered wildlife culling. We specifically told the government that greater gliders were nesting in this tree. Instead of stepping in, they chose to knowingly kill endangered wildlife. This is disgraceful, and has to stop.”

Greater gliders were given national endangered species status in 2022, only six years after first appearing on the threatened species list as vulnerable.

VNPA said it had told FFMV, the state environment minister Steve Dimopoulos and his federal counterpart, Tanya Plibersek, that scores of old hollow-bearing trees were being destroyed along 250km of fire breaks in the Yarra Ranges national park.

‘This is disgraceful, and has to stop’: Members of campaign group Wildlife of the Central Highlands. Photograph: Wildlife of the Central Highlands

This was critical habitat, the association said, for threatened species including the gliders, Leadbeater’s possums, gang-gang cockatoos and swift parrots.

Lindenmayer said he had similar concerns with the removal of old trees – which are vital for many species – in the Wombat state forest.

FFMV and the state’s conservation watchdog – the Office of the Conservation Regulator – are housed in the state government’s department of energy, environment and climate action.

Lindenmayer said he was currently working on advice commissioned by the department on how to save greater gliders, which would include retaining old trees.

“One part of the same government department is trying to work out how to stop the greater glider going extinct while another is pushing it to extinction,” he said.

“The broad-scale impact on animals is colossal and makes a mockery of the government’s biodiversity strategy and a mockery of their process of supposed environmental regulation. There are some deep systemic problems here.”

skip past newsletter promotion

after newsletter promotion

He added that there was growing evidence thinning and logging in native forests could make them more flammable, not less.

Matt Ruchel, executive director of VNPA, said the Office of the Conservation Regulator should be moved to another department, which would allow it to regulate the forest fire management work – a suggestion echoed by the leader of the Victorian Greens, Ellen Sandell.

Sandell said any logging and storm “clean-up” works should be immediately halted and the OCR should be “empowered” to investigate.

Environmental lawyers acting for conservationists have written to the state and federal environment ministers asking them to step in.

Danya Jacobs, special counsel at Environmental Justice Australia, said destroying hollow-bearing trees and killing greater gliders was “clearly illegal” under state and federal laws.

“Forest Fire Management are acting with impunity and must be reigned in by the regulators,” she said.

Questions to the federal environment minister, Tanya Plibersek, were referred to her department, which said in a statement: “The department is making enquiries to determine whether national environment law is being complied with.”

Guardian Australia sent questions to the Victorian environment minister and the state department of energy, environment and climate action.

Read the full story here.
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Saving ginseng means balancing conservation and culture

As Appalachian ginseng turns from rural tradition to global commodity, the Forest Service is trying to keep foragers at bay.

This coverage is made possible through a partnership between BPR and Grist, a nonprofit environmental media organization. Each fall, hopeful foragers throughout the Appalachian mountains don heavy work pants and sturdy boots to clamber into dark, steep, moisture-laden coves in hopes of finding Old Man Sang. The name is a colloquialism for ginseng, a perennial with a gnarled and bulbous root prized for its medicinal qualities. The plant, a staple of traditional medicine and flavorful addition to many recipes, can reach 80 years of age but grows so slowly it takes five to reach maturity. Demand is so great that it has largely been extirpated in Asia, driving prices for American varieties to $1,000 a pound. That’s got conservationists concerned that overzealous diggers could be pinching them out of existence as they harvest plants too early and too often. “When it got really valuable, it was just too many people going over and over to the same ground,” said North Carolina ethnobotanist David Cozzo. “There never was a chance for it to recover.”  Although found in much of the eastern United States, ginseng is most prevalent in Appalachia and the Ozarks. The risk of excessive foraging is particularly great in Kentucky, West Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee, something one expert on the subject attributes to the high unemployment and widespread poverty found there. In response, the Forest Service has taken the step of limiting harvesting on public lands. Although Nantahala and Pisgah national forests have been closed indefinitely in the wake of Hurricane Helene, a federal ban on harvesting the root there will remain in place for at least another year. Getting caught digging up the plant, found primarily in deciduous hardwood forests, can result in a fine of $5,000 and six months in a federal prison.  The Forest Service has said the prohibition, which began in 2021, could last up to a decade. Taking such a step requires balancing the preservation of a valuable resource and respecting a practice intertwined with the region’s history. “Sanging” is for many people a way of life, one that has supplemented rural incomes for generations, particularly in areas dependent on the volatile coal industry. The Appalachian relationship with east Asian markets extends over 200 years. The Cherokee, who used the root medicinally, took advantage of the globalizing world that colonization thrust them into and started shipping ginseng root to China by the middle of the 1700s. Revenue from such deals helped the tribe buy back a small portion of its ancestral lands in the 1870s, establishing the trust on which the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians now lives, said Cozzo, who is also the director emeritus of the Traditional Cherokee Artisan Resources Program. Formerly enslaved people, unmarried women, and even entire towns cultivated ginseng in the forests of Appalachia throughout the 19th and and early 20th centuries, harvesting the roots alongside things like cohosh and mayapple and establishing a thriving industry in places known for timbering and mining. Even now, Cozzo recalls talking to high-mountain diggers who used their autumn haul to pay for their kids’ school clothes and other expenses. Historians have attempted to rectify the stereotype of the ignorant, backward harvester, and have attributed some responsibility for ginseng’s decline to poaching and to habitat destruction driven by the coal and timber industries. In some communities, mineworkers and their families supplemented their incomes foraging for ginseng and other forest products, particularly as work-related disabilities like black-lung disease took hold. “These guys who got black lung from the mines, they might go out in the morning when it was still cool and they could breathe,” Cozzo said. A 2020 Smithsonian oral history project features people from throughout the region describing foraging and selling what they’d picked or pulled alongside furs and skins to support themselves during unemployment or retirement and to supplement the wages of full-time work. One participant, Carol Judy, a digger and environmental activist who sanged in the mountains around the coal community of Eagan, Tennessee until she died in 2017, is described as a believer in the power of agroforestry to provide for communities struggling to meet their needs, particularly in light of coal’s decline. A friend recalled Carol Judy’s hope of fostering a foraging culture that looks “seven generations forward and seven generations back.”  John-Paul Schmidt, a University of Georgia ecologist who has studied the factors contributing to overharvesting on public lands, noted that stress on the plant’s numbers often correlates with high unemployment and low incomes, particularly in southern Appalachia. That, he said, suggests harvesters compelled by need will find ways around a ban. A wiser policy, he said, would be to explore funding education and pathways to sustainable forest farming, something many harvesters already practice. “There’s a real missed opportunity to really promote active wild cultivation of these plants,” he said. Read Next As one Southern community mourns a paper mill’s closure, another rejoices Katie Myers Many old-time diggers, particularly Indigenous people, have patches they tend. Cozzo’s oral histories tell of people returning to the same patch every five to seven years, giving it plenty of time to recover. Careful harvesters save the seeds and plant them an inch deep, making it more likely that they’ll sprout. “Old-timers knew this, and they managed the woods, and they managed the forest,” Cozzo said.  Greater education around sustainable harvesting is needed, particularly as diggers are less likely to have a long-term relationship to the land and more likely to be driven by the value of the root. “All it takes is one generation to skip knowing how to do things properly,” said Cozzo. The hope behind the ban, said Forest Service botanist Gary Kauffman, is to give these fragile plants time to flourish, particularly older specimens that are key to the root’s survival. “It’s the older individuals that produce more seed and actually regenerate the plant,” Kauffman said. The Forest Service is monitoring more than 100 ginseng plots across Nantahala and Pisgah national forests. It also is working with a seed nursery at the North Carolina State Extension to increase the number of seedbeds in the biodiverse, nutrient-rich soils in which ginseng thrives. Sustainable harvesters know to seek plants at least five and ideally over 10 years old with clear signs of maturity: red berries, stem scars, and three to five leaflets. Healthy ginseng communities consist of about 50 to 100 plants, Kauffman said, but many have closer to 25 — a good basis for growth, but not enough to allow harvesting. That’s got the Forest Service thinking that its conservation efforts could last at least a few years, and possibly longer. That may frustrate diggers and herbalists, he said, but it’s necessary to protect a historically important plant.. “It’s very important to look at that and try to preserve some of that culture,” Kauffman said. “To think of how we can preserve it in the future, so our kids and grandkids can also go out and see ginseng, and maybe in the future, harvest some ginseng.” This story was originally published by Grist with the headline Saving ginseng means balancing conservation and culture on Oct 3, 2024.

Firms Including Amazon to Buy $180 Million in Carbon Credits From Namesake Rainforest

By Jake SpringSAO PAULO (Reuters) - Amazon and other companies have agreed to buy carbon offset credits that will support the conservation of its...

SAO PAULO (Reuters) - Amazon and other companies have agreed to buy carbon offset credits that will support the conservation of its namesake rainforest in the Brazilian state of Para, in a deal valued at around $180 million.Amazon and at least five other firms will make the purchase through the LEAF Coalition forest conservation initiative, which it helped to found in 2021 with a group of companies and governments including the United States and United Kingdom.The agreement is LEAF's first deal in the Amazon, the world's largest rainforest, which is vital to curbing climate change because of the enormous amount of greenhouse gas its trees absorb.The Para state government and the LEAF Coalition first shared details of the deal exclusively with Reuters. Para Governor Helder Barbalho is set to announce the agreement on Tuesday evening during New York Climate Week, when about 900 events will be held alongside the UN General Assembly."Clearly it sends an important message: A company with a name referencing the Amazon making its first purchase with a state in the Amazon," Barbalho told Reuters.Amazon confirmed the purchase in a statement, emphasizing the importance of tropical forest preservation in addressing climate change.While demand for carbon credits globally has stalled, tech giants Microsoft, Meta and Google have all made purchases of offsets in Brazil this year.Amazon, drug and chemical maker Bayer, consultancies BCG and Capgemini, clothing retailer H&M and Walmart will collectively buy 5 million credits at $15 per credit. That is far above the average last week of $4.49 for carbon credits linked to nature, according to data provider Allied Offsets.Each credit represents a reduction of 1 metric ton of carbon emissions from reducing deforestation in Pará state in the years 2023 to 2026.Another 7 million credits will be made available for other companies to purchase. The U.S., U.K. and Norwegian governments have guaranteed a portion of those credits and will buy them if companies do not.Para will host the UN COP30 climate summit next year, in a move that is the centerpiece of President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva's bid to restore Brazil's environmental credentials after years of soaring deforestation.Para has been the top state for deforestation since 2005, although destruction has been falling there since 2021. An area larger than New York City has been deforested in Para from January to August this year, a 20% decline from a year ago, according to preliminary federal government data.(Reporting by Jake Spring; Editing by Chizu Nomiyama)Copyright 2024 Thomson Reuters.

Ken Paxton sues Biden administration over listing Texas lizard as endangered

The lawsuit claims federal regulators have undermined the Texas oil and gas industry by misusing environmental law, negatively impacting drilling and production.

Sign up for The Brief, The Texas Tribune’s daily newsletter that keeps readers up to speed on the most essential Texas news. Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton announced Monday that his office is suing the U.S. Department of the Interior, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Biden administration officials for declaring a rare lizard endangered earlier this year. The dunes sagebrush lizard burrows in the sand dunes in the Mescalero-Monahans ecosystem 30 miles west of Odessa — the same West Texas land that supports the state’s biggest oil and gas fields. For four decades, biologists warned federal regulators about the existential threat that oil and gas exploration and development poses for the reptile’s habitat, while industry representatives fought against the designation, saying it would scare off companies interested in drilling in the nation’s most lucrative oil and natural gas basin. In May, federal regulators ruled that the industry’s expansion posed a grave threat to the lizard’s survival when listing it as endangered. Now, the state’s top lawyer is suing. “The Biden-Harris Administration’s unlawful misuse of environmental law is a backdoor attempt to undermine Texas’s oil and gas industries which help keep the lights on for America,” Paxton said. “I warned that we would sue over this illegal move, and now we will see them in court.” Paxton’s statement said the listing of the lizard was a violation of the Endangered Species Act, adding that the Fish and Wildlife Service “failed to rely on the best scientific and commercial data” when declaring the lizard endangered and did not take into account conservation efforts already in place to protect the lizard. The 2.5-inch-long lizard only lives in about 4% of the 86,000-square-mile Permian Basin, which spans Texas and New Mexico, according to the Fish and Wildlife Service. In Texas, the lizard has been found in Andrews, Crane, Gaines, Ward and Winkler counties. The most important Texas news,sent weekday mornings. According to a 2023 analysis by the Fish and Wildlife Service, the lizard is “functionally extinct” across 47% of its range. The listing requires oil and gas companies to avoid operating in areas the lizard inhabits, but the Fish and Wildlife Service has yet to determine where those areas are because it is still gathering information. Oil and gas companies could incur fines up to $50,000 and prison time, depending on the violation, if they operate in those areas. Paxton's office said that because the Fish and Wildlife Service has not specified those areas, it has left operators and landowners uncertain about what they can do with their own land.

How Colorado’s Thompson Divide Got Protection From Oil and Gas Drilling

The members of a self-described ragtag group had little in common, but their campaign could serve as model for future environmental efforts.

The drilling leases in a pristine corner of Colorado seemed like a done deal. But then an unlikely alliance of cowboys and environmentalists emerged. And things changed.The members of the group — a self-described ragtag organization that included ranchers, cyclists and snowmobilers — had little in common aside from a desire to protect the expanse, almost a quarter-million acres of public land known as the Thompson Divide. But they ultimately developed a novel legal strategy that helped win a 20-year pause on new oil and gas development across the area.That strategy could serve as a model for future conservation efforts.“It’s an incredible story of how it all came together,” said Zane Kessler, the founding executive director of the group, the Thompson Divide Coalition.The area, in west-central Colorado, overlaps with part of the White River National Forest, one of the most visited national forests in the United States. The Thompson Divide is also home to endangered lynxes and to one of the expansive organisms in the world: the state’s largest Aspen stand, a colony of trees connected by a lateral root system.The Bush administration started issuing oil and gas leases in the area in the early 2000s in an effort to expand production on public lands. Roughly 80 leases were issued on the Thompson Divide, with dozens more in adjacent parcels of land.“It happened incredibly quickly,” said Peter Hart, who led the coalition’s legal team. “And it happened at a time when it was the beginning of people developing skills and knowledge to engage in these processes and actually push back.”Subscribe to The Times to read as many articles as you like.

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