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Backlash Erupts Over Europe’s Anti-Deforestation Law

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Thursday, September 19, 2024

The European Union has been a world leader on climate change, passing groundbreaking legislation to reduce noxious greenhouse gasses. Now the world is pushing back.Government officials and business groups around the globe have jacked up their lobbying in recent months to persuade E.U. officials to suspend a landmark environmental law aimed at protecting the planet’s endangered forests by tracing supply chains.The rules, scheduled to take effect at the end of the year, would affect billions of dollars in traded goods. They have been denounced as “discriminatory and punitive” by countries in Southeast Asia, Latin America and Africa.In the United States, the Biden administration petitioned for a delay as American paper companies warned that the law could result in shortages of diapers and sanitary pads in Europe. In July, China said it would not comply because “security concerns” prevent the country from sharing the necessary data.Last week, the chorus got larger. Cabinet members in Brazil, the director general of the World Trade Organization and even Chancellor Olaf Scholz of Germany — leader of the largest economy in the 27-member European Union — asked the European Commission’s president to postpone the impending deforestation regulations.The uproar underscores the bruising difficulties of making progress on a problem that most everyone agrees is urgent: protecting the world’s population from devastating climate change.Subscribe to The Times to read as many articles as you like.

Leaders around the world are asking the European Union to delay rules that would require companies to police their global supply chains.

The European Union has been a world leader on climate change, passing groundbreaking legislation to reduce noxious greenhouse gasses. Now the world is pushing back.

Government officials and business groups around the globe have jacked up their lobbying in recent months to persuade E.U. officials to suspend a landmark environmental law aimed at protecting the planet’s endangered forests by tracing supply chains.

The rules, scheduled to take effect at the end of the year, would affect billions of dollars in traded goods. They have been denounced as “discriminatory and punitive” by countries in Southeast Asia, Latin America and Africa.

In the United States, the Biden administration petitioned for a delay as American paper companies warned that the law could result in shortages of diapers and sanitary pads in Europe. In July, China said it would not comply because “security concerns” prevent the country from sharing the necessary data.

Last week, the chorus got larger. Cabinet members in Brazil, the director general of the World Trade Organization and even Chancellor Olaf Scholz of Germany — leader of the largest economy in the 27-member European Union — asked the European Commission’s president to postpone the impending deforestation regulations.

The uproar underscores the bruising difficulties of making progress on a problem that most everyone agrees is urgent: protecting the world’s population from devastating climate change.

Subscribe to The Times to read as many articles as you like.

Read the full story here.
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‘Vast’ carbon sink of mud on seabed needs more protection, study shows

Landmark research finds 244m tonnes of organic carbon is stored in top 10cm of marine sediment in British watersSeabed habitats could capture almost three times more carbon than forests in the UK every year if left undisturbed, according to a report published on Thursday.Researchers at the Scottish Association for Marine Science (Sams) have calculated that 244m tonnes of organic carbon is stored in the top 10cm of UK seabed habitats. That includes seagrass meadows, salt marshes, kelp and mussel beds but most (98%) is stored in seabed sediments such as mud and silt. Continue reading...

Seabed habitats could capture almost three times more carbon than forests in the UK every year if left undisturbed, according to a report published on Thursday.Researchers at the Scottish Association for Marine Science (Sams) have calculated that 244m tonnes of organic carbon is stored in the top 10cm of UK seabed habitats. That includes seagrass meadows, salt marshes, kelp and mussel beds but most (98%) is stored in seabed sediments such as mud and silt.This “blue carbon”, as it is known, is primarily absorbed by tiny phytoplankton at the base of the marine food chain that drift in the ocean – when they die, most sink and carbon gets incorporated into seabed sediments, just like leaves in woodland soils.The landmark study, the first in the world to quantify the amount of carbon stored in all of its seabed habitats, aimed to put a figure on just how valuable seabeds are as a carbon store. It is important because it shows how physical disturbance of the marine bed, which happens primarily by human activity such as bottom trawling, can result in the release of large amounts of carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere.A seagrass meadow in shallow waters off Helford, Cornwall. Photograph: Paul Naylor/The Wildlife TrustsThe authors of the study estimate that if the UK seabed habitats were given greater protection – if disturbance was minimised – the UK and Isle of Man could capture up to 13m more tonnes of organic carbon every year. UK forests only capture 4.8m tonnes, although they cover a much smaller area (32,800 sq km).“This project reveals how critical our seas are in regulating the climate and underscores the urgent need to protect and restore our seabed habitats,” said Tom Brook, blue carbon specialist at WWF-UK, who has been involved in the study.“While salt marshes and kelp forests punch above their weight in terms of capturing carbon, the mud really is the star here – accumulating and storing vast amounts on the seabed. But we need to make sure it goes undisturbed for it to fulfil this critical function.”An estimated 43% of the UK’s blue carbon is found within marine protected areas (MPAs), underwater national parks that offer some protection to marine life and habitats but aren’t necessarily designed to protect the seabed from all disturbance.Sediment ​scampi gravel sea cucumber​, hermit crabs, thornback ray, scallop and brittle stars on mearl, fireworks anemone, phosphorescent sea pen and red bandfish.“Damaging activities such as bottom trawling and large development must not take place in protected areas,” said Joan Edwards, director of marine policy for the Wildlife Trusts, which are also involved in the project. “This research gives the UK an opportunity to lead the world in protecting blue carbon and marine biodiversity.”The three environmental charities involved in the nationwide Blue Carbon Mapping Project – the RSPB, the Wildlife Trusts and WWF-UK – said that introducing blue carbon impact assessments could help limit harmful practices in carbon-rich areas.Another recommendation is to track and monitor carbon sequestration rates in the most accessible habitats – such as seagrass in shallow waters or salt marshes.Mike Burrows, professor of marine ecology at Sams who led the project, said: “There are significant gaps in our knowledge regarding the rates of carbon accumulation in sediments.”Salt marshes at Abbotts Hall Farm, Essex. Habitats such as this could be used to track and monitor carbon sequestration rates. Photograph: Terry Whittaker/The Wildlife TrustsDeeper sediments are difficult and expensive to research and some sediment can be hundreds of metres thick. So the actual carbon storage capacity of ocean mud and silt is probably far greater than current estimates, mainly because this research analysed only the top 10cm of sediment.Ceri Lewis, associate professor in marine biology at the University of Exeter who works on another blue carbon project called the Convex Seascape Survey, said that most leading climate reports barely mention seafloor mud: “This needs to change,” she said. “The more we learn about the importance of mud as a natural sink for organic carbon, the more reason we have to start protecting it from disturbances such as bottom trawling.”

Minister praises 33 newly appointed field rangers at Kruger National Park

Dion George, the Minister of Forestry, Fisheries, and the Environment, has extended his congratulations to the 33 newly graduated field rangers at Kruger Park. The post Minister praises 33 newly appointed field rangers at Kruger National Park appeared first on SA People.

Dr. Dion George, Minister of Forestry, Fisheries, and the Environment, has congratulated the 33 newly graduated field rangers of Kruger National Park (KNP). The graduates completed a rigorous training regimen and were inaugurated as field rangers at a ceremony in Skukuza in the Kruger National Park earlier this month, as reported by The South African website. The minister commended the dedication and resilience of the new recruits. Demanded both physical endurance and mental fortitude “I am proud of the commitment and determination each of these individuals has shown throughout their intense six-week training programme. These new field rangers will provide critical support to our conservation efforts, safeguarding one of South Africa’s most treasured natural heritages and playing a vital role in preserving our biodiversity for future generations,” George said on Tuesday. The rigorous pre-selection and selection process, which took place in July 2024, demanded both physical endurance and mental fortitude from the trainees.  Field rangers at the frontline of the fight against poaching The graduates will now join the ranger corps across various sections of the KNP, contributing to law enforcement and biodiversity conservation efforts in the park. “Our field rangers are at the frontline of the fight against poaching and environmental crime. Their work ensures the integrity of our protected areas, and I trust that their contributions will strengthen our collective efforts to protect South Africa’s wildlife,” George said. The Minister also extended his gratitude to South African National Parks (SANParks) for their continued leadership in conservation and their commitment to maintaining the highest standards in ranger training. The post Minister praises 33 newly appointed field rangers at Kruger National Park appeared first on SA People.

A Continent Ablaze: South America Surpasses Record for Fires

By Jake Spring and Stefanie EschenbacherSAO PAULO (Reuters) - South America is being ravaged by fire from Brazil's Amazon rainforest through the...

By Jake Spring and Stefanie EschenbacherSAO PAULO (Reuters) - South America is being ravaged by fire from Brazil's Amazon rainforest through the world's largest wetlands to dry forests in Bolivia, breaking a previous record for the number of blazes seen in a year up to Sept. 11.Satellite data analyzed by Brazil's space research agency Inpe has registered 346,112 fire hotspots so far this year in all 13 countries of South America, topping the earlier 2007 record of 345,322 hotspots in a data series that goes back to 1998.A Reuters photographer traveling in the heart of Brazil's Amazon this week witnessed massive fires burning in vegetation along roadways, blackening the landscape and leaving trees like burned matchsticks.Smoke billowing from the Brazilian fires has darkened the skies above cities like Sao Paulo, feeding into a corridor of wildfire smoke seen from space stretching diagonally across the continent from Colombia in the northwest to Uruguay in the southeast.Brazil and Bolivia have dispatched thousands of firefighters to attempt to control the blazes, but remain mostly at the mercy of extreme weather fueling the fires.Scientists say that while most fires are set by humans, the recent hot and dry conditions being driven by climate change are helping the fires spread more quickly. South America has been hit by a series of heatwaves since last year."We never had winter," said Karla Longo, an air quality researcher at Inpe, of the weather in Sao Paulo in recent months. "It's absurd."Despite still being winter in the Southern Hemisphere, high temperatures in Sao Paulo have held at over 32 degrees Celsius (90 degrees Fahrenheit) since Saturday.Hundreds of people marched in Bolivia's highland, political capital La Paz to demand action against the fires, holding banners and placards saying "Bolivia in flames" and "For cleaner air stop burning.""Please realize what is really happening in the country, we have lost millions of hectares," said Fernanda Negron, an animal rights activist in the protest. "Millions of animals have been burned to death."In Brazil, a drought that began last year has become the worst on record, according to national disaster monitoring agency Cemaden."In general, the 2023-2024 drought is the most intense, long-lasting in some regions and extensive in recent history, at least in the data since 1950," said Ana Paula Cunha, a drought researcher with Cemaden.The greatest number of fires this month is in Brazil and Bolivia, followed by Peru, Argentina and Paraguay, according to Inpe data. Unusually intense fires that hit Venezuela, Guyana and Colombia earlier in the year contributed to the record but have largely subsided.Fire from deforestation in the Amazon create particularly intense smoke because of the density of the vegetation burning, Longo said."The sensation you get flying next to one of these plumes is like that of an atomic mushroom cloud," said Longo of Inpe.Roughly 9 million sq km (3.5 million sq miles) of South America have been covered in smoke at times, more than half of the continent, she said.Sao Paulo, the most populous city in the Western Hemisphere, earlier this week had the worst air quality globally, higher than famous pollution hotspots like China and India, according to website IQAir.com. Bolivia's capital of La Paz was similarly blanketed in smoke.Exposure to the smoke will drive up the number of people seeking hospital treatment for respiratory issues and may cause thousands of premature deaths, Longo said.Inhaling wildfire smoke contributes to an average 12,000 early deaths a year in South America, according to a 2023 study in the academic journal Environmental Research: Health.September is typically the peak month for fires in South America. It's unclear whether the continent will continue to have high numbers of fires this year.While rain is forecast next week for Brazil's center south, where Sao Paulo is located, drought conditions are expected to continue through October in Brazil's northern Amazon region and center-west agricultural region.(Reporting by Jake Spring and Stefanie Eschenbacher in Sao Paulo; Additional reporting by Santiago Limachi and Monica Machicao in La Paz; Editing by Katy Daigle and Sandra Maler)Copyright 2024 Thomson Reuters.

Takeaways From AP's Story on the Ashaninka Tribe's Reforestation Model in the Brazilian Amazon

The Ashaninka of the Amonia River, inhabitants of the western Amazon, reclaimed their land from cattle ranchers more than 30 years ago

APIWTXA VILLAGE, Brazil (AP) — The Ashaninka tribe of Amonia River live in a largely preserved area of Brazil's western Amazon rainforest. Over the past three decades, they have taken back their territory from cattle farmers and loggers, replacing pasture with fruit and timber trees, the sacred Ayahuasca vine, acai palm trees and medicinal plants.With their autonomy secured, the Ashaninka are now working to share their experience with neighbors to protect the whole region from deforestation and overexploitation of its natural resources. In 2016, an Ashaninka was elected mayor of nearby Marechal Thaumaturgo, the first Indigenous to achieve this in Western Amazon's Acre state.Now, an Ashaninka-led regional organization has secured a $6.8 million grant to improve territory management in neighboring Indigenous territories, collectively an area the size of the U.S. State of Delaware.Thirty-two years ago, following a long struggle for recognition, Brazil's federal government created the Ashaninka territory of Amonia River. Loggers and cattle farmers who had hired Indigenous people, often having them work in slave-like conditions, were forced to leave.The Ashaninka transferred their main village, Apiwtxa, to an abandoned pasture in a strategic location for surveillance. There, they started reforestation and pursued self-sufficiency through food production while protecting the territory from loggers and hunters.The Piyãko family has led the Ashaninka's transformation. In 2016, Isaac Piyãko was the first, and so far only, Indigenous mayor elected in Acre state. That ended the traditional political dominance by rubber barons, loggers and farmers. Four years later, Piyãko was reelected. Meanwhile his brother, Francisco Piyãko, is the mastermind of a project to share Apiwtxa's experience with neighboring Indigenous territories.The Jurua Basin has been severely affected by extreme weather. Last year, during the Amazon’s record drought, the Amonia River was so warm that for the first time the Ashaninka stopped bathing in its waters, and thousands of fish died. A few months later, historic flooding destroyed crops across the region and swept away a fish farm. This year, Amazon communities are again suffering from widespread drought.The Associated Press’ climate and environmental coverage receives financial support from multiple private foundations. AP is solely responsible for all content. Find AP’s standards for working with philanthropies, a list of supporters and funded coverage areas at AP.org.Copyright 2024 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.Photos You Should See - July 2024

Brazil's Lula Pledges to Finish Paving Road That Experts Say Could Worsen Amazon Deforestation

Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is pledging to finish paving a roadway in the heart of the Amazon that experts and some in his own government say could worsen deforestation

BRASILIA, Brazil (AP) — In a visit to see the damage caused by drought and fire in the Amazon, President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva pledged to pave a road that environmentalists and some in his own government say threatens to vastly increase destruction of the world’s largest tropical forest — and contribute to climate change.The BR-319 roadway is a mostly dirt road through the rainforest that connects the states of Amazonas and Roraima to the rest of the country. It ends in Manaus, the Amazon’s largest city with over 2 million people, and runs parallel to the Madeira River, a major tributary of the Amazon River. The Madeira is at its lowest recorded level, disrupting cargo navigation, with most of its riverbed now endless sand dunes under a sky thick with smoke.“We are aware that, while the river was navigable and full, the highway didn’t have the importance it has now, while the Madeira River was alive. We can’t leave two capitals isolated. But we will do it with the utmost responsibility," Lula said Tuesday during a visit to an Indigenous community in Manaquiri, in Amazonas state. He didn’t specify what steps the government would take to try to prevent deforestation from increasing after paving.Hours later, he oversaw the signing of a contract to pave 52 kilometers (32 miles) of the road, and promised to begin work before his term ends in 2026 on the most controversial section of the road — a 400-kilometer (249-mile) stretch through old-growth forest. A permit for the longer stretch was issued under Lula's far-right predecessor, Jair Bolsonaro, who favored development in the Amazon and weakened environmental protections. In July, a federal court suspended the permit in a lawsuit brought by the Climate Observatory, a network of 119 environmental, civil society and academic groups.Lula’s government had appealed the suspension, but it wasn’t until his visit on Tuesday that Lula made clear his plan to move ahead with paving. The Climate Observatory lamented the move.“Without the forest, there is no water, it’s interconnected,” said Suely Araújo, a public policy coordinator with the group. "The paving of the middle section of BR-319, without ensuring environmental governance and the presence of the government in the region, will lead to historic deforestation, as pointed out by many specialists and by Brazil’s federal environmental agency in the licensing process.”“The world that buys our food is demanding that we preserve the Amazon," he said. "And why? Because they want us to take care of the air they breathe. They didn’t preserve their own lands in the last century during the Industrial Revolution.”Brazil is enduring its worst drought ever recorded, with 59% of the country under stress — an area about half the size of the U.S. In the Amazon, rivers’ low levels have stranded hundreds of riverine communities, with shortage of potable water and food. Lula announced a wide distribution of water filters and other measures during his visit to the region.Meanwhile, most of Brazil has been under a thick layer of smoke from wildfires in the Amazon, affecting millions of people in faraway cities such as Sao Paulo, Brasilia and Curitiba and reaching as far south as Argentina and Paraguay. At Lula’s event, Environment Minister Marina Silva blamed the extreme drought brought by climate change for the widespread fires in a rainforest usually resistant to fire, calling it “a phenomenon we don’t even know how to handle.”Silva has been more cautious than Lula about paving the roadway. At a congressional hearing earlier, she called the Bolsonaro era’s permit a “sham” and praised the judicial ruling that suspended it.Brazil is the world’s fifth-largest emitter of greenhouse gases, contributing nearly 3% of global emissions, according to Climate Watch, an online platform managed by the World Resources Institute. Almost half these emissions stem from destruction of trees in the Amazon rainforest.The Associated Press’ climate and environmental coverage receives financial support from multiple private foundations. AP is solely responsible for all content. Find AP’s standards for working with philanthropies, a list of supporters and funded coverage areas at AP.org.Copyright 2024 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.Photos You Should See - July 2024

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